Hearing loss can slowly sneak up on individuals occurring gradually over time, so they may not even realize it. Nearly 5% of the world’s population, or 430 million people, have some form of hearing loss that requires rehabilitation. Understanding risk factors contributing to hearing loss can be helpful for prevention and early intervention. Some factors ranging from age to medications you take could impact your risk for developing hearing loss. Below are some contributors to the development of hearing loss.
Contributors to Hearing Loss
Age
Our bodies undergo numerous changes as we age, and hearing is no exception. Age-related hearing loss, also known as presbycusis, is a common condition that affects many older adults, most commonly over the age of 60. Over time, the tiny hair cells in the inner ear responsible for transmitting sound signals to the brain gradually deteriorate, leading to difficulty in hearing high-pitched sounds and understanding speech, especially in noisy environments like George’s at the Cove. While age-related hearing loss is a natural part of aging for many individuals, certain lifestyle factors can exacerbate its progression, such as the type of job the person has throughout life or whether a person smokes.
Noise Exposure
Excessive exposure to loud noises is one of the leading causes of preventable hearing loss. Prolonged exposure to loud noises, such as those from heavy machinery, concerts, firearms or in-ear headphones, can damage the hair cells in the inner ear responsible for transmitting sound signals to the brain. This damage can be temporary or permanent, depending on the intensity and duration of the noise exposure. If you experience temporary hearing loss, it’s important to see a doctor right away, with the potential of restoring hearing. It’s essential to practice safe listening habits like wearing earplugs or earmuffs in noisy environments and limiting exposure to loud noises whenever possible.
Genetics
Hearing loss can also have a genetic component, meaning it can be inherited at birth. Some individuals may inherit genes that predispose them to certain types of hearing loss that include conductive, sensorineural or mixed. The type of hearing loss varies from person to person, depending on the condition. Hearing aids are often recommended for those born with hearing loss. Genetic testing and counseling can help individuals understand their risk of hereditary hearing loss and take proactive steps to protect their hearing.
Illnesses
Various illnesses and medical conditions can contribute to hearing loss, either directly or indirectly. Chronic conditions such as diabetes and high blood pressure can damage blood vessels in the inner ear, leading to reduced blood flow and oxygen supply to the auditory system. Additionally, certain infections, such as meningitis or measles, can cause inflammation or damage to the structures of the ear, resulting in hearing loss. Additionally, some medications including certain antibiotics, chemotherapy drugs and high doses of aspirin, may have ototoxic effects, meaning they can harm the inner ear and cause hearing loss as a side effect.
Hearing loss can be influenced by other factors as well, including injury or other underlying medical conditions. By understanding these risk factors and taking proactive measures to protect our hearing, we can prevent some forms of hearing loss and protect our existing hearing. Be sure to schedule regular hearing evaluations for you and your loved ones.
To learn more about hearing loss, hearing aids or to schedule a hearing test, contact San Diego ENT today.